Managing Asthma: Inhaler Technique, Triggers, and Calgary's Climate

Living in Calgary presents unique respiratory challenges. At 1,045 meters above sea level with low ambient humidity, rapid chinook temperature shifts and sub-zero winter temperatures frequently provoke bronchospasm and asthma flare-ups.

Controller vs. Reliever Inhalers: Knowing the Difference

Effective asthma management relies on understanding two distinct drug categories:

• Controller Medications (Inhaled Corticosteroids): Taken daily on a set schedule regardless of symptoms. They soothe chronic airway inflammation, reduce mucosal edema, and prevent future attacks.
• Reliever Medications (Fast-Acting Bronchodilators): Used as rescue medication to quickly relax tightened bronchial smooth muscle during acute episodes of wheezing, chest tightness, or coughing.

The Vital Importance of a Spacer Chamber

Studies show that more than 70% of patients use metered-dose inhalers incorrectly when pressing the canister directly into their mouth, resulting in up to 80% of the medication impacting the back of the throat rather than reaching the lower lungs.

Using a valved holding chamber (spacer) decelerates the aerosol spray and holds it suspended, allowing slow, deep inhalation directly into the bronchial tree. This dramatically improves lung deposition while reducing local side effects like oral thrush or hoarseness.

Managing Calgary Cold Weather Triggers

Cold, dry air triggers mast cell degranulation in sensitive airways:

• Breathe in through your nose rather than your mouth to warm and humidify inspired air.
• Wear a loose scarf or breathable thermal face mask over your nose and mouth when outdoors in freezing temperatures.
• If prescribed, use your reliever inhaler 10 to 15 minutes prior to cold-weather physical exertion.